Scientists Race Against Time to Save Northern White Rhino Through IVF

The northern white rhino is on the edge of extinction. With only two females remaining, both infertile, the species faces a grim future. However, a groundbreaking achievement in reproductive technology offers a glimmer of hope.

Scientists have successfully initiated the first in vitro fertilization (IVF) pregnancy using a southern white rhino as a surrogate, marking a pivotal moment in conservation efforts, The Guardian reports.

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Only two northern white rhinos remain alive today.

Understanding the IVF Breakthrough

The process began with the harvesting of sperm from deceased northern white rhino males and eggs from Fatu, one of the surviving females. These were used to create viable embryos, now preserved in liquid nitrogen.

The successful transfer of these embryos into a southern white rhino surrogate has proven the feasibility of the technique, previously untested on rhinos, Salon reports.

 Photo: Pexels
Scientists have initiated the first IVF pregnancy using a southern white rhino as a surrogate.

The Role of Genetic Diversity

One of the major challenges in reviving the northern white rhino population is the limited genetic diversity. This issue is compounded by the fact that all current embryos are derived from only two males and one female. To address this, scientists are exploring genetic editing and the use of genetic material from preserved museum samples to enhance diversity, National Geographic reports.

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The genetic diversity of the northern white rhino is critically low.

Future Prospects and Challenges

The scientific community remains cautiously optimistic. The successful implantation and pregnancy of the first embryo is expected by mid-year, providing a crucial test of the technique's effectiveness in aiding species revival. This effort is part of a broader strategy that includes habitat restoration and protection from poaching, the Smithsonian Magazine reports.

The IVF procedure marks a significant advancement in the conservation of the northern white rhino. The collaboration of international teams, the integration of cutting-edge science, and the commitment to genetic diversity enhancement are all critical components of this effort. While the road ahead is fraught with challenges, the initial successes provide hope for the preservation of this majestic species.